If you’re like many adults, you’ve probably experienced acid reflux or heartburn at least once. Acid reflux occurs when stomach acid travels up into the esophagus, producing a burning sensation in the chest and a bitter taste in the mouth. These symptoms can be signs of an underlying condition known as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Without treatment, GERD can lead to additional health issues. Dr. Sindhu Abraham, the board-certified provider at our office in Plano, TX, treats GERD.

Causes of GERD

A primary cause of GERD is a weak or relaxed lower esophageal sphincter, a muscle separating the esophagus from the stomach. This muscle relaxes when swallowing but should contract afterward to prevent anything from flowing back up. Acid reflux can occur if the esophageal sphincter muscle remains relaxed and does not contract.

Various factors can contribute to the development of GERD, including:

• Certain foods and beverages, including fatty foods, chocolate, caffeine, and alcohol
• Lying down shortly after eating, which makes it easier for stomach acids to flow back into the esophagus
• Medical conditions like connective tissue diseases
• Hormonal changes during pregnancy
• Being extremely overweight or obese
• Certain types of medications
• Stress or anxiety
• Symptoms of GERD
• Heartburn is one of the most recognizable symptoms of GERD. Other symptoms include:
• Nausea
• Belching
• Regurgitation
• Difficulty swallowing
• Dark or bloody stools
• Persistent hiccups
• Weight loss
• Sore throat
• Dry cough
• Wheezing
• Bloating

When to Seek Help for GERD

You should seek help for GERD if your symptoms are severe or occur frequently. You should also see a doctor if your symptoms don’t improve with over-the-counter medications or lifestyle changes, such as avoiding food and beverage triggers like alcohol. Additionally, contact your provider if the condition has caused unexplained weight loss, difficulty swallowing, or if there is blood in your vomit or stools. Seek emergency medical care if you experience severe chest pain or shortness of breath.

Treatment of GERD

It is important to seek treatment for GERD because having the condition increases the risk of developing other health problems, including esophageal cancer, ulcers, esophageal spasms, and esophagitis. The experienced gastroenterologist at our office in Plano, TX, diagnoses GERD and will develop a treatment plan tailored to your symptoms and needs.

Several methods can be used to treat GERD and its symptoms effectively. Treatment options include:

• Dietary modifications (i.e., avoiding trigger foods)
• Sleeping with the head elevated
• Prescription antacid medications
• Proton pump inhibitor medications
• Weight loss